मुस्लिम बांधवांचा सहभाग

"जनकल्याण रक्तपेढी,महाडचे पुन:प्रस्थापन - मुस्लिम बांधवांचा सहभाग"

महाडचे एक वैशिष्ट्य असे लक्षात आले की तेथे कोकणी मुस्लिम समाज १६.८% असून त्यांची लोकसंख्या ४६२५ एवढी मोठी आहे.आखाती देशात श्रम करून हा समाज बर्‍यापैकी धनवान देखील झाला आहे.महापूराने या समाजाला देखील मोठा तडाखा दिलेला आहे.निसर्ग कधीच धार्मिक भेदभाव करीत नाही.भेदभाव करतात ती माणसं !

या आपत्तीच्या काळात मदतीसाठी धावून येणार्‍या संस्थांमधे मुस्लिम समाज मोठ्या प्रमाणात सहभागी झाला होता.त्यांनी केलेली अन्नदानाची मदत(Sadaqah/Sadqah) तर वाखाणण्या सारखी होती. त्यामुळे हे

"Sadaqah/Sadqah" प्रकरण काय आहे हे समजावून घ्यावेसे वाटले.Arabic भाषेतील صدقة‎ व उर्दू भाषेतील صدقہ‎ म्हणजे इंग्रजी भाषेतील "charity/ benevolence/righteousness" ! मराठीत "अल्लाला खुष करण्यासाठी स्वयंस्फूर्तीने,प्रामाणिकपणे व निरपेक्षपणे केलेली मदत किंवा दान" !(Ar-Rageeb al-Asfahaani).रक्तदान या पेक्षा काय वेगळे आहे ?

पवित्र कुराणाप्रमाणे या मदतीत खालील गोष्टींचा समावेश होतो :-

- To administer justice between two people

- To remove harm from a road/removing thorns, bones and stones from paths

- A good word

- Every step taken towards prayer

- Guiding the blind

- Supporting the weak with the strength of your arms

- Smiling at others

"Sadaqah/Sadqah" ही ऐच्छिक आहे.तर "Zakahakah" ही सक्तीची आहे.(Quran 41:7).Sadaqat is very wide term and used in the Quran to cover all kinds of charity. Sadaqat means to give alms and also legal alms for which the word zakat is used in the Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad. Zakat has been called sadaqat because it is also a kind of compulsory charity. It is an obligatory sadaqa while ordinary sadaqa are voluntary. Thus, zakat has to be collected by the muhtasib (collector) or the government — the Islamic state as a Compulsory levy.

According to Quran, Sadaqa leads into the purification of the benefactor.Quran says that sadaqa should not be necessarily be in a material form and can be a "voluntary effort", or a kind word.This is in agreement with a narration attributed to Muhammad which says "every good deed is a form of sadaq."Kind words and "compassion" are better than sadaqa accompanied by "insult", from the viewpoint of Quran, and it is better for the donations to be offered "discreetly" to those in need rather than doing it in public in order to be acknowledged by them. The Quran also criticizes donating aimed at appearing generous or compromising the value of sadaqa by "ostentatious public behavior" done just to "render a normally charitable act purely self-serving." Quran suggests that sadaqa is not meant only to support the poor, but also can be donated to others who "were not visibly in need" and also who either needed assistance to enhance their life or required to be directed towards new jobs and "economic opportunities".

"They ask thee what they should spend (In charity). Say: Whatever ye spend that is good, is for parents and kindred and orphans and those in want and for wayfarers. And whatever ye do that is good, -Allah knoweth it well."Those who believe, and do deeds of righteousness, and establish regular prayers and regular charity, will have their reward with their Lord: on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.So fear Allah as much as ye can; listen and obey and spend in charity for the benefit of your own soul and those saved from the covetousness of their own souls, they are the ones that achieve prosperity.

According to some hadiths, "a kind word and smile" can be considered as sadaqa and the best form of it is "passing on knowledge." Also, Muhammad said in a hadith that sadaqa removes seventy gates of evil.

The word "Sadaqah/Sadqah" is interchangeably used with Zakat and Nafaqa in some contexts,but while zakat is obligatory, Sadaqa usually refers to voluntary donations.Zakat is a required minimum contribution by Muslims in terms of money and property or goods that can help the muslims who mostly need assistance, while Sadaqah can be in forms of money, deeds, property or salutations.

The term 'sadaqah' was used in Qur'an and Sunnah for both zakat and charity. Among the differences between them is that in the case of Zakat, the amount is fixed, utilized according to that which has been stated by the Islamic Law and is paid only once a year. Meanwhile, charity has no fixed percentage and one is free to pay it as many times as one can afford or feel inclined to it.

Etiquettes for offering "Sadaqah/Sadqah" :-

- Sadaqah should be from one's legitimate possessions and property.

- According to Qur'an 2:274, it is better to offer sadaqah in secret.

- Sadaqah should not be accompanied by reproaching the person who is given the sadaqa.

- Sadaqah should be out of pure intentions for God.

- Sadaqah should be from possessions you love.

According to Quran 9 verse 60, there are eight categories of people who are entitled to receive Sadaqah (Zakaat). They are :

- The poor (al-fuqarâ’), that is low-income.

- The needy people (al-masākīn).

- The officials appointed to receive Sadaqah (Zakat Administrators).

- Those whose hearts have been (recently) reconciled to Islam (al-mu'allafa qulubuhum).

- To free the slaves and captives.

- Those who are overburdened with debt.

- In the cause of Allah to spread the message of Islam.

- To those who are wayfarers (travelers who do not have enough money to go back home).

Social contribution should enhances the well-being of the people in Islamic society.It helps in fulfilling the requirement of the poor Muslims.It lightens the debt of the Muslim debtors.It helps in taking care of those whose hearts have been (recently)reconciled (to the Truth).It helps the stranded Muslims to complete their journey.It helps in the healing of various Sickness(according to the prophet of Islam).

Spiritual effects should be that it purifies human's heart from the sins of malice, greed, and the obsessive love of wealth.It increases the wealth.It removes bad luck.It helps in crossing the bridge of Siraat.It guarantees heaven.

या ज्ञानानंतर माझे असे मत बनले आहे की :-

१.रक्तदान या सर्व अटीत बसते.कारण रुग्णाला आपल्याला कुणाचे रक्त दिले जात आहे हे कधीच सांगीतले जात नसते.एका अर्थी ते इस्लामला अपेक्षित असलेले "गुप्तदान"च आहे.

२.रक्त ही "स्वकमाई" असल्याने ती अट देखील ते पूर्ण करते.

३.रक्ताची गरज असलेला रूग्ण हा "al-masākīn" च असतो.

मला असे वाटते की जनकल्याण रक्तपेढी,महाडच्या पुन:प्रस्थापनात मुस्लिम बांधवांचा सहभाग वाढावा यासाठी काही तरी उपाय योजना केली पाहिजे.आपण काही सुचवाल का ?